Hurricane Francine threatened New Orleans and the wider Gulf Coast as far east as the Alabama and Florida border on Wednesday, shutting down a quarter of oil and gas production in the Gulf while parishes across Louisiana issued evacuation orders.
The hurricane was about 315km southwest of Morgan City, Louisiana, as it crawled northeast packing 145kmph winds, according to an advisory from the US National Hurricane Centre.
The storm was a Category 1 hurricane on the five-step Saffir-Simpson scale. It was expected to strengthen into a Category 2 hurricane when it makes landfall on Wednesday night in south-central Louisiana, the National Weather Service said.
Early on Wednesday morning, the service warned that conditions were expected to deteriorate throughout the day as the hurricane threatened some coastal areas with 2.7-metre storm surges.
“Make sure you have all preparations rushed to completion ASAP!,” the service said on X. “Then, prepare to hunker down & shelter in place through the overnight hours.”
The service issued storm surge watches or warnings along the Gulf Coast of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama.
About 322km west of New Orleans in coastal Cameron Parish, Louisiana, a worker at Bayaks County Store said the establishment would remain open for a few hours on Wednesday morning for anyone who needed last-minute supplies. But no one had visited the store.
“The store is open, but we have no customers,” the clerk said. “Everyone ran out of town.”
About 185km to the east in Morgan City, a curfew was set for 11am on Wednesday until 6am on Thursday, the small city’s police chief, Chad Adams, told the media.
“We want everybody to just kind of shelter in place,” he said of the city’s 11,000 residents.
Louisiana Governor Jeff Landry declared a state of emergency in anticipation of the storm, warning of torrential rainfall, damaging winds, and possible tornadoes.
President Joe Biden also declared a federal state of emergency for the state in order to expedite any needed relief or rescue efforts.
Several parishes, or counties, on or near the Louisiana Gulf Coast issued mandatory evacuation orders, and the state transportation department issued evacuation maps. The city of New Orleans was distributing sandbags at five sites.
The Hurricane Center forecast the storm to max out as a Category 2 before weakening over land as it crawled north with maximum sustained winds of 154 to 177 kmph.
Francine was expected to produce rainfall of 10cm to 20cm, with local amounts of up to 30cm for the central and eastern Gulf Coast through Thursday night, the weather service said.
With the storm passing in a northeastern direction parallel to the Texas coast on its way to Louisiana, oil and gas producers abandoned many of their Gulf of Mexico platforms, taking offline about a quarter of energy production, the US Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement said on Tuesday.
The storm also stands to test liquefied natural gas export plants recently built in the region, which is home to about 15 per cent of US oil production and two per cent of natural gas output.
Any major storm near Louisiana evokes memories of Hurricane Katrina, the 2005 storm that devastated New Orleans and surrounding areas, killing nearly 1,400 people and causing $125 billion in damage, according to a 2023 hurricane centre report.